Prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HBs carriers in pregnant women residents in areas from different endemicity located in central-south departments of Perú

Abstract

The present study was established in order to estimate the prevalence of HBV in pregnant women (mean age among groups 25,0  6,9) from areas with different endemicity located in the Departments of Lima, Junín, Apurímac and Ayacucho in Perú. All studies were carried out with the employment of radioimmunological techniques. In the Maternal Perinatal Institute (Instituto Materno Perinatal) in Lima located in a low endemic area, were evaluated 2086 pregnant women, with minimum and maximum ages between 14 and 44 years old, at their first prenatal laboratory attention. It was found a prevalence of 0,38% (HBsAg+); 0,38% (Proportion); and 3,18% (HBsAg +, anti-HBsAg+); corresponding this prevalence to 107 pregnant women HBsAg positive whose treated newborn would prevent the chronic HBV infection of approximate 21 newborn each year. 63% of HBsAg positive pregnant women were born in Departments different from Lima. In the La Merced Hospital (Hospital de Apoyo La Merced) located in Chanchamayo, Junín, area of middle endemicity; were evaluated 217 pregnant women with ages between 14 and 48 years old. The prevalence founded in this Hospital was 1,38% (HBsAg +); 1,2 % (Proportion) and 17,8% (HBsAg+, anti-HBs+). All positive HBsAg were negative for HBeAg. The projection of results corresponded to a total of 9 HBsAg+ pregnant women and 2 newborn preventive of chronic disease. In the Guillermo Diaz de la Vega Hospital in Abancay, Apurimac, area of middle to high endemicity; were evaluated 221 pregnant women with ages between 15 and 46 years old. It was found a prevalence of 1,36% (HBsAg+); 1,0% (Proportion); and 36,16% (HBsAg+, anti-HBs+). All positive HBsAg were negative for HBeAg. Projected results corresponded to a total annual of 37 pregnant HBsAg + carriers and 7 newborn preventive of chronic disease. The General Hospital of Huanta located in an area of high endemicity, presented a prevalence of 3,2% (HBsAg+); 1,9% (Proportion) and 76,2% (HBsAg+, anti-HBs+) from 126 pregnant women evaluated with ages between 15 and 48 years old, projected to a total of 39 HBsAg+ pregnant women and 8 newborn preventive of chronic hepatic disease. From a total of 4 positive cases found for HBsAg, 3 positive pregnant women were studied for HBeAg. All 3 were negative. These results establish the prevalence of HBsAg and anti - HBs in pregnant women from different endemic areas with significant prevalence in Ayacucho (Huanta) and Apurimac (Abancay) and contribute to the cost - benefit analysis to prevent chronic infection of HBV.